《新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程》第四冊第三單Section A 課文中出現(xiàn)了 這樣一個句子“There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a champion for the rights of welfare clients,” (Para.15) 表述“某人的呼吁或建議”。從中,可以提煉出這樣的句型:“there need sth./sb.that /who can…because…”,意為“真需要…物/人來…, 因為…”.很多同學(xué)不理解此句中的“there”表示何意,實際上,它是存在句型“there be...”的一個變體。
“there be...”句型是存在句的常用基本結(jié)構(gòu),有時可將there be中的動詞be 換為其他實意動詞,如課文中的 “need”,還有happen, exist, tend, follow, live, remain, stand, enter, seem, appear, lie, come等也可以以同樣的方式替換:
Could you be quiet? There happens to be a lecture going on.
你們能安靜下嗎?碰巧有場講座正在進行。
There existed different opinions on this problem.
對這個問題曾有不同看法。
There tends to be jealousy when a new little brother or sister comes along. 當(dāng)有一個小弟弟或小妹妹降生的時候,通常會有妒忌產(chǎn)生。
There followed an uncomfortable silence. 接著是一陣難以忍受的沉默。
In a small town in Germany there once lived a poor shoemaker.
在德國的一個小鎮(zhèn)上,曾經(jīng)住著一位貧窮的修鞋匠。
There remains nothing more to be done. 再沒什么可做了。
At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
在小山頂上有一座古廟。
Suddenly there entered a strange figure dressed all in black.
突然進來一位身著黑衣的陌生人。
There seems to be some problems. 好像有一些問題。
甚至有些實意動詞的被動形式也可以用在存在句型“there be”中,如 say, think, feel, report, understand, presume:
There are thought to be more than 3, 000 different languages in the world. 被認(rèn)為世界上有超過3000種不同的語言。
There was said to be disagreement between the Prime Minister and the Home Secretary. 據(jù)說首相和內(nèi)政大臣之間有分歧。
此外,there be句型的一些慣用結(jié)構(gòu),大家也應(yīng)熟練掌握,如:
a) There is no sense/point in doing sth.“做某事沒有道理或沒有用”:
There’s no sense/point in criticizing her. 批評她也沒有用。
b) There is no hurry (to do sth). “不用急(做某事)”:
There’s no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully.
不用趕時間,要慢慢細(xì)心地做。
c) There’s no doubt/question about…“毫無疑問…”:
There is no doubt of his success. / There’s no question about his success. 毫無疑問他一定會成功。
d) There is no 不可能…”、“無法…”:doing “
There’s no denying the fact. 這一事實不容否認(rèn)。
There was no telling when she would be back。
沒法知道她什么時候回來。
e) There is some/no difficulty in doing sth做某事沒有困難”/“做某事有些困難” “
There is no difficulty in finding his office.
找到了他的辦公室沒費一點勁。
There was some difficulty in carrying out the plan.
執(zhí)行這項計劃有些困難。
f) There’s no need for…。 “不需要或不必要…”:
There is no need for you to go. 你沒有必要去。
外語系:韓春榮 |